Scientists have achieved a significant breakthrough after over two decades of research: the complete genome sequencing of six ape species, including orangutans. A genome is the complete set of DNA instructions within a cell, and sequencing is determining the precise order of the building blocks in each molecule of DNA.
While previous efforts had decoded partial genomes of non-human apes, this is the first time a complete sequence has been assembled for any of these species. Breakthroughs in advanced sequencing techniques have enabled scientists to resolve previously inaccessible and structurally complex regions of these ape genomes.
The resulting data reveals genetic differences between humans and apes, particularly related to the immune system, longevity, and brain development. This newfound knowledge will not only illuminate human evolutionary history but could advance research on disease resistance, neuropsychiatry, and brain development.
This research could also support the conservation of critically endangered apes, such as Sumatran orangutans. Using genomic data, scientists can analyse genetic diversity within threatened ape populations, empowering us to prioritise groups with unique and important genes that must be preserved for the species to survive.
We are committed to data-driven conservation; effective strategies need to be based on sound evidence. This important data is publicly available to scientists around the world — a wonderful contribution to orangutan conservation! Having open-access research is crucial in prioritising conservation efforts, helping us to focus on the most urgent areas.
This research was made possible by the collaboration of over 40 research labs and more than 120 dedicated scientists from across the globe. And so, to each member of this incredible team — thank you! 🦧💚
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